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Instruction Set of 8085 Microprocessor An instruction is a command given to the computer to perform a specified operation on the given data. In 8085 microprocessor, the instructions are classified into five (5) groups. They are, Data Transfer Group  Arithmetic Group Logical Group Branch Control Group I/O and Machine Control Group Addressing Models: Each instruction requires certain data on which it has to operate. In Intel 8085 Microprocessor, there are 4 types of addressing mode. More on Addressing Models>>> Data Transfer Group MOV r1, r2 This means the data of register - 2 will move to register - 1                                         Example - MOV A, B MOV r, M This means the data stored in ((H - L)) will move to the specified register.                                         Example - MOV B, M MOV M, r This means the data in the specified register will move to ((H-L)).                                         Example - MOV M, B MVI r, data This means the given data will

Logical Group These Logical group instructions are used in the 8085 Microprocessor program. In this article, you would get the instructions with example. In some sections, referring images are also provided to make your understanding crystal clear. ANA r Here the data of r AND (Logical AND) with the data of Accumulator and the result will store in Accumulator.                                  Example -   ANA B                                                      (B) ⋀ (A) ⟶ (A)                                                Data in Accumulator is 23 and data in register B is 56.                                                 After executing the program,                                                 Data in Accumulator will be 02 ( Can't Understand Refer This Image  ) ANA M Here the data in the memory location pointed by HL pair AND (Logical AND) with data in Accumulator and the result will store in Accumulator.                                  Example -   ANA M                 

Arithmetic Group of 8085 Microprocessor ADD r The data in Accumulator and entered register will get added and the result will copy to Accumulator                                      Example -  ADD B                                                     (A) + (B)  ⇢   (A)     ADD M The data in Accumulator and data in the memory location pointed by HL pair will get added and the result will copy to Accumulator.                                  Example -  ADD M                                                     (A) + ((H-L)) ⇢  (A) ADC M The data in Accumulator, data in the memory location pointed by HL pair and value of Carry Bit will get added and the result will copy to Accumulator.                                  Example -  ADC M                                                   (A) + ((H-L)) + (CS) ⇢ (A) ADC r The data in Accumulator, data in entered register and value of Carry Bit will get added and the result will copy to Accumulator.                                  Example -  

Data Transfer Group of 8085 Microprocessor MOV r1, r2 This means the data of register - 2 will move to register - 1                                          Example -  MOV A, B MOV r, M This means the data stored in ((H - L)) will move to specified register.                                          Example -  MOV B, M MOV M, r This means the data in specified register will move to ((H-L)).                                          Example -  MOV M, B MVI r, data This means the given data will move to specified register immediately.                                          Example -  MVI B, 05  MVI M, data  This means the given data will move to ((H-L)) pair register immediately.                                          Example -  MVI M, 05 LXI rp, data  Here 16 bit data will move to entered register pair.                                          Example -  LXI B, 2345                                                            23 ⇢  B                                                      

Chuda Ghasa Chuda Ghasa is an authentic traditional recipe used mostly at temples during any occasion in Odisha. It is also considered a s Bhog or Prasad 👨‍🏫Prep Time: 5 Min  🥣Cook Time: 5 Min 🍱Total Time: 10 Min 🍽Course: Snacks 🥗Cuisine: Indian  Ingredients Chuda (Poha) - 100 gm Sugar or Jaggery - 30 gm  Desi Ghee - 40 gm Pepper Powder - 1 tsp Grated Coconut - 1 cup  Raisin - 10 gm  Cashew Nut - 10 gm Ginger - 1/2 inch Salt Preparation Crush the ginger well. Then, crush the chuda (Poha) roughly. (Note: It should not be fully powdered) Take a big bowl and add crushed chuda powder. Now, add desi ghee and jaggery and mix it very well with both hand for 5 minutes. Then, add ginger, raisin, cashew nuts, pepper powder and mix it very well.     Now, the chuda Ghasa is ready to be served.     Note: Do not add a little water. Water destroys its crispness.     " This recipe should use during any holy occasions."

Plain Rice Recipe (Indian Style) 👨‍🏫Prep Time: 10 Min  🥣Cook Time: 15 Min 🍱Total Time: 25 Min 🍽Course: Main Course 🥗Cuisine: Indian (1 Cup Rice = 50 gm) (1 Cup of Water = 100 ml) Ingredients              For Cooking Rice: 2 Cup Rice 4 Cups of Water              Other ingredients: 1 tea spoon of Ghee Annapurna Leaf Salt Preparation Wash the Rice using water. Then pressure cook the rice with 4 cups of water, one pinch of salt in medium flame and Annapurna leaf. Wait for 2 to 3 whistles and it takes around 10 to 13 minutes. Then take it out. Open the pressure cooker lid.  Add a teaspoon of Ghee in it and cover it. It gives good aroma to the dish. Cover the lid and let the aroma to mix in the dish. Now the Dish is ready to be served.

Chuda Upma  👨‍🏫Prep Time: 5 Min  🥣Cook Time: 10 Min 🍱Total Time: 15 Min 🍽Course: Snacks 🥗Cuisine: Indian Ingredients Chuda (Poha) - 100 gm Peanuts  - 20 gm Carrot - 1  Tomato - 1 Cabbage - 50 gm Turmeric Powder Ginger - 1/3 of a Inch Salt Cumin - 1/2 tsp Curry Leaves  Curry Masala  Preparation Put a pan on medium flame and add refine oil (Recommended: Sunflower Oil). Add cumin, ginger paste and curry leaves. Cook it. Now, add tomato and cook. Then, add peanuts and cook till crisp. Then, add grated cabbage, sliced carrot. Now sprinkle turmeric powder, half cup of water and cook it on high flame till the cabbage gets soft. Allow the process for 7 to 8 minutes. Put the chuda or poha in a bowl and allow it to get soaked. After the cabbage and carrot get soft, add the poha(chuda) in it. Mix it very well. Sprinkle curry masala on it and mix it very well. You can add tomato sauce and chili sauce of vegan (optional). Cook it for 2 minutes.        Now, the Chuda (Poha) Upma is ready to be

Tamarind Rice 👨‍🏫Prep Time: 10 Min  🥣Cook Time:  20 Min 🍱Total Time: 30 Min 🍽Course: Main Course 🥗Cuisine: South Indian (1 Cup Rice = 50 gm) (1 Cup Water = 100 ml) Ingredients             For Cooking Rice Rice - 2 Cups Water - 4 Cups                              Other Ingredients for Tamarind Rice Split Bengal Gram - 1 table Spoon Green Gram - 1 table spoon Cumin - 1/2 teaspoon Peanuts - 12 Pcs Red Chilies - 2 Pcs. Tamarind - 1 Pcs. Asafoetida - One pinch Green Chilies - 4 Pcs Curry Leaves  Cashew Nut - 4 Pcs. Ginger - 1/2 inch  Mustard Seed - 1/2 teaspoon Salt Turmeric Powder Preparation     Chopping and Washing      Wash green chilies, Peanuts, Red Chilies, Curry Leaves, Ginger Split Bengal Gram and Green gram neatly. Then, chop the green chilies, Ginger, Red Chilies, Curry Leaves.     Make Rice  Rinse the rice neatly for multiple times. Put it into cooker and add 4 cups of water, salt . Pressure cook it till 3 to 4 whistles. It takes around 11 to 14 minutes. Turn off the flame

Curd Rice Recipe 👨‍🏫Prep Time: 10 Min  🥣Cook Time:  15 Min 🍱Total Time: 25 Min 🍽Course: Main Course 🥗Cuisine: South Indian (1 Cup Rice = 50 gm) (1 Cup of Water = 100 ml) (1 Cup of Curd = 250 gm) Ingredient         For Cooking Rice Rice - 2 cups Water - 4 cups         Other Ingredients Curd - 1 Cup Cumin - 1 teaspoon Mustard Seeds - 1 teaspoon Green Chili - 5 Pcs. Red Chili - 2 Pcs. Ginger - 1/2 inch Oil - 1 teaspoon Coriander Leaves Curry Leave Salt     ' Preparation     Make Rice  Rinse the rice neatly for multiple times. Put it into cooker and add 4 cups of water. Pressure cook it till 4 to 5 whistles. (Note: The rice has to be more soft than  Plain Rice ) Turn off the flame and take the pressure out of the cooker. Smash the rice using a serving spoon. Allow the rice temperature to set down.     Making Curd Rice  Chopped green chilies, ginger,  Take the smashed rice and add one cup of curd into it. Add a little or milk into it. Add chopped ginger, green chili  and salt into

Lemon Rice  👨‍🏫Prep Time: 10 Min  🥣Cook Time:  20 Min 🍱Total Time: 30 Min 🍽Course: Main Course 🥗Cuisine: South Indian (1 Cup Rice = 50 gm) (1 Cup Water = 100 ml) Ingredient         For Cooking Rice Rice - 2 cups Water - 4 cups         Other Ingredients Green Chili - 4 Pcs. Dry Red Chili - 2 Pcs Lemon - 2 Pcs Urad Dal - 1 table spoon Peanuts - 1 table spoon Leamon leaf - 4/5 leaves Cumin - 1 teaspoon Sunflower oil (You Can take any Oil) Turmeric Powder Mustard Seeds Salt Preparation     Chopping and Washing      Wash green chilies, lemon leaves, Urad Dal, Peanuts neatly. Then, chop the green chilies.     Make Rice  Rinse the rice neatly for multiple times. Put it into cooker and add 4 cups of water, salt and turmeric powder. Pressure cook it till 3 to 4 whistles. It takes around 11 to 14 minutes. Turn off the flame and take the pressure out of the cooker.     Make Lemon Rice  Put these in Cooker and Cover the lid. Allow this process for 10 minutes. Rice absorbs fragrance of lemon

Tomato Rice 👨‍🏫Prep Time: 10 Min  🥣Cook Time:  20 Min 🍱Total Time: 30 Min 🍽Course: Main Course 🥗Cuisine: Indian Ingredients         For Cooking Rice Rice - 2 Cups Water - 4 Cups         Other Ingredients Tomato - 4 Pcs Green Chilies - 4 Pcs. Split Bengal Gram - 1 table spoon Cashew Nuts - 7/10 pcs Ginger - 1/2 inch Cumin - 1/2 tsp Mustard Seed - 1/2 tsp Curry Leaves Refine Oil Salt Preparation         Washing and Chopping              Wash Tomatoes, green chilies, split bengal gram, ginger, curry leaves neatly. Then, Chop green chilies, curry leaves and keep it in a bowl. Make paste of ginger.         Make Rice  Rinse the rice neatly for multiple times. Put it into cooker and add 4 cups of water, salt . Pressure cook it till 3 to 4 whistles. It takes around 11 to 14 minutes. Turn off the flame and take the pressure out of the cooker.         Make Tomato Rice  Boil the tomatoes. Then, put these in mixer and blend it. Put a pan on flame and put oil in it.  Add tomato juice in it. A

Poha Chivda 👨‍🏫Prep Time: 5 Min  🥣Cook Time: 10 Min 🍱Total Time: 15 Min 🍽Course: Snacks 🥗Cuisine: Indian Ingredients Poha (Flattened Rice) - 100 gm Peanuts - 50 gm Cashew Nuts - 25 gm Raisin - 10 gm Green Chilies Coconut slice Curry Leaves Turmeric Powder Split Bengal Gram  Cumin Refine Oil Salt Preparation Take a pan and fry Poha without oil in low flame till it gets crunchy. Then, take it out from flame. Take a tadka pan and add refine oil. Fry the Peanuts till it gets crispy. Then, Fry the cashew nuts and take it out. Then, fry raisin and take it out. Add the split bengal gram and fry it till crunchy. Add coconut slices in it and do deep fry. After the frying is done, start making tempering.     Tempering Add refine oil into pan and add turmeric powder, green chilies, salt, cumin, curry leaves in it.  Cook it for 2 to minutes and pour it in poha. Now, add fried peanuts, cashew nuts, coconut slices, split bengal gram and raisin in it.  Mix it very well. Now, the dish looks eleg

Machine Cycle in 8085 Microprocessor The necessary steps carried out to perform the operation or accessing either memory or  i/o device, constitutes a Machine Cycle. In other words, necessary steps carried out to perform a fetch, a read or a write operation constitute a Machine Cycle. T- State in Machine Cycle: One subdivision of an operation perform in one clock cycle is called T - State.

Instruction Cycle in 8085 Microprocessor [Diagram of Instruction Cycle ] The necessary states that the CPU carries out to fetch an instruction and necessary data from the memory and to execute it, constitute an instruction cycle. The necessary steps which are carried out to fetch an op-code from the memory constitute a Fetch Cycle . The necessary steps which are carried out to get data, if any, from the memory and perform specific operation specified by op-code, constitutes an Execute Cycle. You can say, Instruction Cycle = Fetch Cycle + Execute Cycle

Pin Diagram of 8085A Microprocessor  Diagram: Pin Diagram of 8085 Microprocessor Functional of Each Pin (Briefly): 👉A 8 – A 15 (Output): These are address bus and used for the eight most significant bits of the memory address or eight bits i/o address. 👉 AD 0 – AD 7   (Both Input and Output): Thses are time multiplexed address/data bus that is served dual purpose. They are used for the LSB (Least Significant Bits) 8 bits of memory address and data during other time. 👉ALE (Output): It is abbreviated as Address Latch Enable. It goes high when 8 lower bits of address is latched. 👉IO/M* (Output): It is a status signal which distinguishes whether the address is for i/o or memory. When it goes high, the address bus is for an i/o device. And when it goes low, the address is for memory location because M is an active low signal. 👉S 0 , S 1 (Ouput): These are status signal send by microprocessor to distinguish various types of operation. S 0 S 1 Operation